First of all you have to extract the installation file. In this case i used the following script to install 14.0.4730.1010_OfficeServer_none_ship_x64_en-us.exe.
14.0.4730.1010_OfficeServer_none_ship_x64_en-us.exe file /extract:C:\SP2010Install
After this it is necessary to create a config.xml file describing the binary installation process
Psconfig.xml
<Configuration>   
<Package Id="sts">    
<Setting Id="LAUNCHEDFROMSETUPSTS" Value="Yes"/>    
</Package>    
<Package Id="spswfe">    
<Setting Id="SETUPCALLED" Value="1"/>    
</Package>    
<Logging Type="verbose" Path="%temp%" Template="SharePoint Server Setup(*).log"/>    
<PIDKEY Value="PRODUCT KEY" />    
<Display Level="none" CompletionNotice="no" />    
<Setting Id="SERVERROLE" Value="APPLICATION"/>    
<Setting Id="USINGUIINSTALLMODE" Value="0"/>    
<Setting Id="SETUP_REBOOT" Value="Never" />    
<Setting Id="SETUPTYPE" Value="CLEAN_INSTALL"/>    
</Configuration>
With this xml file and a small powershell script it is possible to complety install SharePoint 2010 without manual interaction
SP2010install.ps1:
#Execute setup.exe with a xml to install SharePoint   
& 'C:\SP2010Install\setup.exe' '/config' 'C:\2010CMD\spconfig.xml' | out-null    
#Include the SharePoint cmdlets    
Add-PsSnapin Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell    
#Variables    
$database = "MOSS_Config_Farm"    
$admindatabase = "MOSS_Content_CentralAdministration"    
$sqlserver = "SA_MOSS"    
$passphrase = (ConvertTo-SecureString "Passphrase111" -AsPlainText -force)    
$username = "alegri\srvadmin"    
$password = (ConvertTo-SecureString "password" -AsPlainText -force)    
#Disable loopback check    
New-ItemProperty HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa -Name "DisableLoopbackCheck" -value "1" -PropertyType dword    
#Create the credentials    
$credentials = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PsCredential $username,$password    
#Execute the config wizard    
New-SPConfigurationDatabase -DatabaseName $database –AdministrationContentDatabaseName $admindatabase -DatabaseServer $sqlserver -Passphrase $passphrase -FarmCredentials $credentials    
#Provision a Central Administration Site    
New-SPCentralAdministration -Port 12000 -WindowsAuthProvider "NTLM"    
#Install help files    
Install-SPHelpCollection –All     
Install-SPApplicationContent     
#Secure Resources    
Initialize-SPResourceSecurity    
#Install all exiting features    
Install-SPFeature –AllExistingFeatures    
#Provision services    
Install-SPService    
For some help how to use pwershell please refer to
If you did no sign your powershell script you can check the execution policy with
Get-ExecutionPolicy
To run unsigned scripts activate the command
Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted
With Get-Help About_signing you can get on overview of the different execution policy settings
I used SQL 2008. In the installation process i got the following error message
New-SPConfigurationDatabase : SQL server at SA_MOSS has an unsupported version
10.0.2531.0. Please refer to "http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=165761" for information on the minimum required SQL Server versions and how to download them.
At line:1 char:28
+ New-SPConfigurationDatabase <<<< -DatabaseName $sp_databasename -DatabaseServer $sp_databaseserver -Passphrase $sp_passphrase -FarmCredentials $sp_credentials
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (Microsoft.Share...urationDatabase: SPCmdletNewSPConfigurationDatabase) [New-SPConfigurationDatabase], SPException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell.SPCmdletNewSPConfigurationDatabase
A roll-up hotfix must be installed:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/970315/
If you want to reinstall SharePoint (Trial) and get the following error message:
"Microsoft Office Server Trial Edition may not be installed on a server with licensed Microsoft Office Server products. Remove existing Microsoft Office Server products and re-run setup".
You have to delete the following registry keys:
HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Shared Tools\Web Server Extensions\14.0
HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Office Server
 
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